COCKPIT-PLUS: A proposed method for rapid groundwater vulnerability-driven land use zoning in tropical cockpit karst areas

COCKPIT-PLUS: A proposed method for rapid groundwater vulnerability-driven land use zoning in tropical cockpit karst areas

Blog Article

Karst groundwater is highly vulnerable to contamination, which urges better land use zoning.This paper proposes a new approach, called COCKPIT-PLUS, to minimize groundwater contamination within cockpit karst regions.The method employed four parameters: P (the existence of ponor/swallow hole), L (lineament density), U (sinking stream to an underground river), and S (distance to spring/pumping site).These parameters are essential for identifying contaminant pathways and transport from the surface to the karst groundwater/springs.

COCKPIT-PLUS has been developed igora vibrance 6-16 and validated in the Gunungsewu karst in Java, Indonesia.This research considers a cockpit as a single hydrological unit that uniquely recharges karst groundwater.We analyzed 2,811 cockpits and 81 other closed depressions to develop a land use planning map.The research used the time to first arrival (Ta), time to peak (Tp), and Qmax/min ratio parameters of two karst springs and two underground pumping sites for validation.

Cockpits with ponors/swallow holes, sinking streams, high lineament density, and grahams c+ eczema & dermatitis cream short distances to springs are vulnerable to groundwater and thus must be restricted areas for any land uses.The findings show that though the COCKPIT-PLUS uses a limited karst dataset, the proposed method seems reliable enough for a rapid land-use zoning approach in cockpit karst areas.